“Teach me,” she said.

[DMN]

Originally Posted by TheSurgeon [You must be logged in to view images. Log in or Register.]

So, no shit, I spent a lot of time memorizing the entire CAC for the MCAT, knowing, just knowing they would ask a question that required you to memorize it. The one question about it on the test they had the entire cycle displayed in an image involving the question. Such a god damn waste of time.

I only got one, too. it was a question about some poison blocking the electron transport chain or something, though.

[Cecily]

Originally Posted by DMN [You must be logged in to view images. Log in or Register.]

Yes but that test won't perfectly differentiate those three. You could have an obligate anerobe that grows at the bottom of the "o" tube where there is little to no oxygen. So it might look exactly like a facultative anaerobe.

Gotcha. Thank you for your replies. Lab quiz tomorrow and this helps a lot.

[Cecily]

Originally Posted by DMN [You must be logged in to view images. Log in or Register.]

I only got one, too. it was a question about some poison blocking the electron transport chain or something, though.

Cyanide! It blocks the O2 on ETC. Guess that’s whole body suffocation on a cellular level. I had this bad ass toxicology book and my bf gave it to our roommate when I explicitly said oh maybe heather would like to look at this. I didn’t have the heart to be like no that’s mine and take it away. I feel like I’m still gonna do that next time I visit.

[DMN]

Originally Posted by Cecily [You must be logged in to view images. Log in or Register.]

Gotcha. Thank you for your replies. Lab quiz tomorrow and this helps a lot.

NP. It's unfortunate you don't know just how much you need to know for the quiz. It could be pretty easy or really complicated.

[DMN]

And speaking of 99%, I think the level you are at that they won't throw crazy stuff at you like obligate anaerobes that can still ferment in the oxygen exposed tube. As long as you know the basic gist I think it will be fine. But they might have wanted tyou to memorize all the attributes of the bacteria you are looking at. So you might have to know(memorize) for instance that e.coli is a facultative anaerobe. Usually your instructor gives some tips about whats going to be on it.

[Cecily]

Yeah I think I’m gonna backtrack and start making a study guide of everything we’ve done so far before it gets to be too much.

Looks like we’re doing a bunch of enterobacteriaceae (I love that word) differentials tomorrow. I actually read the procedures and know what I’m doing this time. Also have copious notes on the test, why it’s used, what chemicals are involved, what results mean what along with the procedure.

Indole/SIM medium
Methyl Red and Voges-Prokauer tests
Citrate Test

Actually looks like a pretty chill day. Stab, broth, and a slant. That’s good because I’m exhausted. Learned a lot today. Gn!

[Cecily]

Question 4 (Adaptive Defenses)


How do adaptive defenses work? Compare/contrast B cells and T cells. Discuss the different types of T cells. Describe the differences between cell-mediated immunity and antibody mediated immunity.


While our bodies have nonspecific innate defenses which react the same way every time foreign cells are encountered, adaptive immunity is the lymphatic system's approach to conflict escalation. As our former President Bush said once, "There's an old saying in Tennessee, I know it's in Texas, probably in Tennessee that says fool me once, shame on shame on you. You fool me you can't get fooled again."


I wish I had more than an hour left to write this. It's probably my favorite opener for anything I've wrote before.

[Cecily]

I totally glazed over the lymphatic system last time I took A&PII. Really want to get it this time. It's interesting, but complement cascades and cytokines make me check out mentally. Had reservations about an online A&P class, but I'm actually learning so much more in this format. We do the labs in person and all the lecture is online. I get to academic shit post like this every week on the forum:

While our bodies have nonspecific innate defenses which react the same way every time foreign cells are encountered, adaptive immunity is the lymphatic system's approach to conflict escalation. As our former President Bush said once, "There's an old saying in Tennessee, I know it's in Texas, probably in Tennessee that says fool me once, shame on shame on you. You fool me you can't get fooled again." It is quite possible he was talking about adaptive immunity, a process governed by two types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. In adaptive immunity, the immune system "recognizes, reacts, and remembers" the foreign substance, "the 3 R's of immunity." The effect of which is a faster and stronger response to threats with subsequent exposures.

B cells originate in red bone marrow. Immature T cells also begin in red bone marrow, then move to the thymus to mature, and then go on to occupy lymphatic tissue. B cells are involved in antibody-mediated immunity and T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity. Recognition of a foreign antigen stimulates an immune response where these cells multiply and circulate to lymphatic and infected tissue.

Antibody-mediated immunity:
B cells. Secrete antibodies. Provide protection to extracellular antigens (bacteria, viruses, parasites) and toxins.

Cell-mediated immunity:
T cells. Secrete cytokines. Provide protection to intracelluar antigens (bacteria, viruses, fungi) and tumors. Helper and supressor T cells regulate both antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. 4 types.


Helper T-cells: Activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells.
Memory T-cells: Responsible for secondary immune response.
Regulatory T-cells: Immune response control and suppression.
Cytotoxic T-cells: Directly kill foreign cells.

[America]

woopw oop

[Cen]

I want to ask this specifically to you Cecilly, because I think you're likely of the expertise to see right through this. Its more of a riddle:

In world war one, british helmets were upgraded from caps to metal helmets due to a large amount of head wounds from the debris of artillery shells. However, upon issuing the new helmets, the amount of head wounds skyrocketed five fold. The change was almost reverted, but someone realized an error, and the helmets were kept.

Any ideas what the error was?