I believe there is a hidden warning system only mods/admins can see. Getting petitioned can add to this warning count if the mod who responds deems so and once it hits 100% you get a ban. Then there is logical ban lengths depending on previous bans.
It's not always one thing I've noticed but a build up of things. Though of course some actions punish higher percents. racial slurs for example is damn near 100%
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