The dreaded 1017 bug - so many possible causes. According to
this thread computers with a clock speed over 4 GHz frequently have this problem, which can be resolved by underclocking your processor.
You also might want to try completely disabling your firewall and antivirus if you're running anything beyond MSE/Windows Defender.
I am convinced it's something to do with your computer specifically though, since your other machine is connecting fine.