There's also the concept of zoning and pressuring in lane. Since you can't deny your lane opponents xp/gold by killing your own minions (denying) you can play aggresively, or have your jungler camp your lane to attempt to push your opponent out of xp/last hit range so they fall behind.
When your opponent leaves lane to shop you can shove your lane up so your minions die under a turret before your opponent makes it back to lane, thus "denying" them gold/exp.
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